Who is responsible for private-label artwork and translations?

The contract should assign responsibility for regulatory text, design, translation, proofreading, barcode ownership and final print approval. The manufacturer can provide product and production data, while the importer or brand owner usually brings destination-market and commercial context. Use controlled artwork files with revision numbers and an approval record. Machine translation alone is not sufficient for safety-critical directions or legal wording; qualified local review should occur before labels, cartons and online listings are released.